US coal exports consist of both steam coal and metallurgical coal that are produced in the United States and sent to other countries. Steam coal, also known as thermal coal, is used by coal-fired power plants to generate electricity and by consumers to heat their homes or businesses. Metallurgical coal is used mainly to produce steel, so demand for metallurgical coal closely follows demand for steel.
In EIA's Short-Term Energy Outlook, it forecasts that US coal exports will exceed 10.0 million short tons in only two months during 2025 and 2026 — in December of each year.
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